telomere
At either end of a chromosome is a telomere, a cap of DNA that protects the rest of the chromosome from damage. The telomere has repetitive junk DNA and hence any enzymatic damage will not affect the coded regions. The areas of the p and q regions close to the telomeres are the subtelomeres, or subtelomeric regions.
What is the heterochromatic region?
Heterochromatin describes regions of the genome that are highly condensed, are not transcribed and are late-replicating. So, the correct answer is ‘Genetically less active’.
What information do Euchromatic and heterochromatic regions provide?
Heterochromatin and euchromatin are two major categories of chromatin higher order structure. Heterochromatin has condensed chromatin structure and is inactive for transcription, while euchromatin has loose chromatin structure and active for transcription.
What are euchromatin regions in chromosome?
The euchromatin is a constant size region and includes sequences homologous to the X chromosome, Y-specific repetitive sequences, and all the genes identified in the Y chromosome, which include the now identified 27 distinct protein-coding genes or gene families.
What is the name of the regions at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes?
The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes are called telomeres.
What is the definition of heterochromatic?
1 : made up of various wavelengths or frequencies white light is heterochromatic. 2 : of or relating to heterochromatin heterochromatic regions of chromosomes.
What are Pericentromeric regions?
A larger pericentromeric region containing repetitive sequences and transposable elements surrounds the centromere that adopts a particular chromatin state characterized by specific histone variants and post-translational modifications and forms a transcriptionally repressive chromosomal environment.
What is the important of euchromatin of chromosome?
Function. Euchromatin participates in the active transcription of DNA to mRNA products. The unfolded structure allows gene regulatory proteins and RNA polymerase complexes to bind to the DNA sequence, which can then initiate the transcription process.
What does euchromatin consist of?
Euchromatin is a lightly packed form of chromatin (DNA, RNA, and protein) that is enriched in genes, and is often (but not always) under active transcription. Euchromatin comprises the most active portion of the genome within the cell nucleus.
